NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Civics Chapter 5 Working of Institutions

Working of Institutions Class 9 Questions and Answers Provided helps you to answer complex Questions too easily. You can use them while preparing for board exams and all of them are given by subject experts. Reading NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Civics Chapter 5 Working of Institutions familiarizes you with the kind of questions appearing in the board exams. Students are advised to read these solutions on a regular basis to score well.

Working of Institutions Class 9 Questions and Answers Civics Chapter 5

Make your learning experience enjoyable by preparing from the quick links available on this page. Use the Class 9 SST Civics Chapter 5 NCERT Solutions and get to know different concepts involved. All the Solutions are covered as per the latest syllabus guidelines. Knowing the NCERT Class 9 Civics Chapter 5 Questions and Answers helps students to attempt the exam with confidence.

Working of Institutions NCERT Intext Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Is every Office Memorandum a major political decision? If not, what made this one different?
Answer:
No, every Office Memorandum is not a major political decision. This Office Memorandum was different because it was related to reservation for the Socially and Economically Backward Classes or SEBC in government services and so affected all sections of the society positively or negatively. The government issues hundreds of orders everyday on different matters. But this one was very important and became a source of controversy for several years. It led to widespread protests and counter-protests, some of which were violent.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Civics Chapter 5 Working of Institutions

Question 2.
Now I can see clearly! That is why they talk of Mandalisation of politics. Don’t they?
Answer:
For several years, many parliamentarians and parties kept demanding the implementation of the Mandal Commission’s recommendations. Then in 1989 came the Lok Sabha Election. The Janata Dal in its election manifesto promised that if voted to power, it would implement the Commission’s report. The Mandalisation of politics took place with this announcement and voting was greatly influenced by the Commission’s Report.

Question 3.
Who did what in this case of reservations for backward classes?
(i) Supreme Court – Made formal announcement about this decision
(ii) Cabinet – Implemented the decision by issuing an order
(iii) President – Took the decision to give 27% job reservations
(iv) Government officials – Upheld reservations as valid
Answer:
(i) Supreme Court – Upheld reservations as valid
(ii) Cabinet – Took the decision to give 27% job reservations
(iii) President – Made formal announcement about this decision
(iv) Government officials – Implemented the decision by issuing an order

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Civics Chapter 5 Working of Institutions

Question 4.
Which institutions are at work in the running of your school? Would it be better if one person alone took all the decisions regarding management of your school?
Answer:
The school’s administrative office, departments like library, sports department, medical room and teachers, etc are various institutions that perform different functions under the supreme guidance of the school principal.

It would be a blunder if one person above takes all the decision’s regarding the management of any school. We know a large number of activities are going on all the time. It is not possible for one person to take proper decisions on all issues. Also, it would be difficult to run the school properly if it is a one-man industry. Above all, that is not the spirit of democracy.

Question 5.
When the Parliament is in session, there is a special programme every day on Doordarshan about the proceedings in the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. Watch the proceedings or read about it in the newspapers and note the following:
(a) Powers of the two Houses of Parliament
(b) Role of the Speaker
(c) Role of the Opposition
Answer:
(a) Powers of the two houses of Parliament: Since the Lok Sabha members are directly elected by . the people of the country, so they are the final voices in the passing of any laws. On the other hand, the Rajya Sabha members are usually elected indirectly and therefore they function mostly in an advisory capacity. However, the consent of both houses is needed for passing any bill, making a law, or making amendments in the Constitution.

(b) Role of the Speaker: The members of the parliament elect the Speaker of the Lok Sabha from among themselves after the elections. The Speaker is generally from the ruling party but is supposed to act in an impartial manner. He supervises the proceedings of the Lok Sabha and maintains order in the House. He also supervises Parliamentary Committees.

(c) Role of the Opposition: The main function of the opposition is to keep an eye on the ruling party so that it functions in a proper way. The opposition is supposed to point out the mistakes done by the ruling party and pressurize it to correct them.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Civics Chapter 5 Working of Institutions

Question 6.
What is the point in having so much debate and discussion in the Parliament when we know that the view of the ruling party is going to prevail?
Answer:
It is right that the view of the ruling party usually prevails in the parliament but this does not mean that we should stop debates and discussions. Debates and discussions help to bring out the positive and negative aspects of a certain issue. This makes it easy for the ruling party to adopt the positive aspects and ignore the negative ones. Any bill passed in this way is supposed to be perfect.

Question 7.
List the names of five Cabinet Ministers and their ministries each at the Union level and in your state. Meet the Mayor or Municipal Chairperson of your town or the President of Zila Parishad of your district and ask him or her about how the city, town or district is administered.
Answer:
Names of five Cabinet Ministers and their Ministries at the Union level.

Question 8.
Why does this book refer to the President as ‘she’? Have we ever had a woman president in our country?
Answer:
This book refers to the President as ‘She’ to show that even a woman can occupy the highest office in the country. This is a way to encourage woman empowerment. Yes, we have had a woman President in our country. Her name is Pratibha Patil.

Question 9.
Did you protest when the book referred to the Prime Minister as ‘he’? Have we not had a woman Prime Minister? Why should we assume that all the important positions are held by men?
Answer:
I didn’t protest because our present Prime Minister is a male person and therefore the book referred to the Prime minister as ‘he’. Yes, we had Indira Gandhi as a woman prime minister.

India has been a male-dominating country where all the important positions have always been held by men from generations. It is another matter that nowadays spread of education among women has brought them in the mainstream and they too have started occupying important offices. Still the gap between the two genders is wide which needs to be bridged up.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Civics Chapter 5 Working of Institutions

Question 10.
What is better for a democracy: A Prime Minister who can do whatever he wishes or a Prime Minister who needs to consult other leaders and parties?
Answer:
If a Prime Minister is free to do whatever he wishes, there is a high possibility that he might develop dictatorial attitude which is a great danger for a democracy. On the other hand, if a Prime Minister takes decisions by consulting other leaders and parties, it will strengthen democracy and will also help in the smooth running of the government.

Question 11.
Why are people allowed to go to courts against the government’s decisions?
Answer:
Sometimes,the actions of the government or a law passed by the government might hurt the public interest or might be against the spirit of the Constitution. In such a situation, people can approach the court to get justice.

Question 12.
Give one reason each to argue that Indian judiciary is independent with respect to:
(i) Appointment of judges
(ii) Removal of judges:
(iii) Powers of the judiciary:
Answer:
(i) Appointment of Judges: The judges of the Supreme Court and the High Courts are appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister and in consultation with the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. In practice it now means that the senior judges of the Supreme Court select the new judges of the Supreme Court and the High Courts. There is very little scope for interference by the political executive. The senior most judge of the Supreme Court is usually appointed the Chief Justice.

(ii) Removal of judges: Once a person is appointed as judge of the Supreme Court or the High Court it is nearly impossible to remove him/her from that position. A judge can be removed only by an impeachment motion passed separately by two-third members of the two Houses of the Parliament. So, removal of judges cannot be done arbitrarily.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Civics Chapter 5 Working of Institutions

(iii) Powers of the judiciary: The powers of the judiciary is clearly mentioned in the Constitution and they cannot be diluted by the Parliament or by any Presidential order. The Supreme Court and the High Courts have the power to interpret the Constitution of the country. They can declare invalid any law of the legislature or the actions of the executive, whether at the Union level or at the State level if they find such a law or action is against the Constitution.

Civics Class 9 Chapter 5 NCERT Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
If you are elected as the President of India which of the following decision can you take on your own?
(a) Select the person you like as Prime Minister.
(b) Dismiss a Prime Minister who has a majority in Lok Sabha.
(c) Ask for recommendation of a bill passed by both the Houses.
(d) Nominate the leaders of your choice to the council of Ministers.
Answer:
(c) Ask for recommendation of a bill passed by both the Houses.

Question 2.
Who among the following is a part of the political executive?
(a) District Collector
(b) Secretary of the Ministry of Home Affairs
(c) Home Ministers
(d) Director General of Police
Answer:
(c) Home Minister

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Civics Chapter 5 Working of Institutions

Question 3.
Which of the following statements about the judiciary is false?
(a) Every law passed by the Parliament needs approval of the Supreme Court
(b) Judiciary can strike down a law if it goes against the spirit of the Constitution.
(c) Judiciary is independent of the Executive
(d) Any citizen can approach the courts if her rights are violated.
Answer:
(a) Every law passed by the Parliament needs approval of the Supreme Court

Question 4.
Which of the following institutions can make changes to an existing law of the country?
(a) The Supreme Court
(b) The President
(c) The Prime minister
(d) The Parliament
(d) The Parliament

Question 5.
Match the ministry with the news that the ministry may have released:

(a)  A new policy is being made to increase the jute export from the country.

(b)  Telephone services will be made more accessible to rural areas.

(c)  The price of rice and wheat sold under the Public Distribution System will go down.

(d)  A pulse polio campaign will be launched.

(e) The allowances of the soldiers posted on high altitudes will be increased.

(i) Ministry of Defence

(ii) Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Public Distribution.

(iii)  Ministry of Health

(iv)  Ministry of Commerce and Industry.

(v) Ministry of Communications and Infor-mation Technology

(a) (iv), (b) (v), (c) (ii), (d) (iii), (e) (i)

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Civics Chapter 5 Working of Institutions

Question 6.
Of all the institutions that we have studied in this chapter, name the one that exercises the powers on each of the following matters.
(a) Decision on allocation of money for developing infrastructure like roads, irrigation etc. and different welfare activities for the citizens.
(b) Considers the recommendation of a Committee on a law to regulate the stock exchange.
(c) Decides on a legal dispute between two state governments
(d) Implements the decision to provide relief for the victims of an earthquake.
Answer:
(a) The Finance Minister
(b) The Parliament
(c) The Supreme Court
(d) The Executive

Question 7.
Why is the Prime Minister in India not directly elected by the people?
Choose the most appropriate answer and give reasons for your choice.
(a) In Parliamentary democracy only the leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha can become the Prime Minister.
(b) Lok Sabha can remove the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers even before the expiry of their term.
(c) Since the Prime Minister is appointed by the President there is no need for it.
(d) Direct election of the Prime Minister will involve lot of expenditure on election.
The most appropriate answer is:
Answer:
(a) In Parliamentary democracy only the leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha can become the Prime Minister.
Reason: This ensures that the Prime Minister secures a majority support. This prevents him/her from being either a puppet or a dictator since he/she has to work together with his council of ministers.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Civics Chapter 5 Working of Institutions

Question 8.
Three friends went to watch a film that showed the hero becoming Chief Minister for a day and making big changes in the state. Imran said this is what the country needs. Rizwan said this kind of a personal rule without institutions is dangerous. Shankar said all this is fantasy. No minister can do anything in one day. What would be your reaction to such a film?
Answer:
What happens in a film is not always suitable in a real life. In a film a Chief Minister can do wonders in just one day time but in reality it is nearly impossible to do wonders in such a short span. It is not possible to take decisions on the whims of an individual.

Implementation of decisions needs coordination among various organs of the government and a minister is just a part of that system. Making big changes in the state needs sufficient time. It cannot happen overnight. So, I agree with Shankar’s view.

Question 9.
A teacher was making preparations for a mock parliament. She called two students to act as leaders of two political parties. She gave them an option: Each one could choose to have a majority either in the mock Lok Sabha or in the mock Rajya Sabha. If this choice was given to you, which one would you choose and why?
Answer:
I would choose the mock Lok Sabha because the members of the Lok Sabha are directly elected by the people and therefore answerable to them. They are empowered to raise the public issues in the Parliament which is very challenging. Besides in the field of legislation, Lok Sabha is more powerful than the Rajya Sabha.

Once the Lok Sabha passes the budget of the government or any other money- related law, the Rajya Sabha cannot reject it. The Rajya Sabha can only delay it by 14 days or suggest changes in it, which the Lok Sabha is not bound to accept. Even in the passing of non-money bills the position of Lok Sabha is in a better than the Rajya Sabha.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Civics Chapter 5 Working of Institutions

Question 10.
After reading the example of the reservation order, three students had different reactions about the role of the judiciary. Which view, according to you, is a correct reading of the role of judiciary?
(а) Srinivas argues that since the Supreme Court agreed with the government, it is not independent.
(b) Anjaiah says that judiciary is independent because it could have given a verdict against the government order. The Supreme Court had direct the government to modify it.
(c) Vijaya thinks that the judiciary is neither independent nor conformist, but acts as a mediator between opposing parties. The court struck a good balance between those who supported and those who opposed the order.
Answer:
Anjaiah’s view is correct because judiciary is independent of the government. It does not act on the direction of the government or according to the wishes of the party in power.

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