Detailed, Step-by-Step NCERT Solutions for 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Election and Representation Questions and Answers were solved by Expert Teachers as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines covering each topic in chapter to ensure complete preparation.
Election and Representation NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3
Election and Representation Questions and Answers Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3
Question 1.
Which of the following resembles most a direct democracy?
a. Discussions in a family meetings.
b. Election of the class monitor.
c. Choice of candidate by a political party.
d. Decisions taken by the Gram Sabha.
e. Opinion poll conducted by the media.
Answer:
‘d’ Decisions taken by the Gram Sabha.
Question 2.
Which of the following tasks are not performed by the Election Commission?
a. Preparing the Electoral Rolls.
b. Nominating the candidates.
c. Setting up polling booths.
d. Implementing the model code of conduct.
e. Supervising the Panchayat Elections.
Answer:
‘b’ Nominating the candidates.
Question 3.
Which of the following is common in the method of election of the members of Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha?
a. Every citizen above the age of 18 is an eligible voter.
b. Voter can give preference over for different candidates.
c. Every vote has equal value.
d. The winner must get more than half of the votes.
Answer:
‘c’ Every vote has equal value.
Question 4.
In the First Part the Post System, the candidate is declared elected who ……….
a. secures the largest number of postal ballots.
b. belongs to the party that has highest number of votes in the country.
c. has more votes than any other candidates in the constituency.
d. attains first position by securing more than 50% votes.
Answer:
‘c’ Has more votes than any other candidates in the constituency.
Question 5.
What is the difference between the system of reservation of Constitu¬encies and the system of separate elecorate? Why did the Constitution makers reject the latter?
Answer:
To ensure adequate representation to certain weaker social groups, the constitution maker wanted to introduce some mechanism, like separate electorde system which was introduced by British Government in Govt, of India Act 1909, 1919, and 1935. Separate electorate system means that for electing a representative from a particular community only those voters would be eligible who belong to that community.
The constitution makers however rejected this proposal because of the fear that this system will divide the society and they decided to adopt the system of reservation by which certain number of seats were reserved for the weaker social groups like Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
This provision was made initally for ten years and now it has been extended upto 2010. Today out of 543 elected seats in Lok Sabha, 79 seats are reserved for scheduled castes and 41 seats are reserved for the Scheduled Tribes.
Question 6.
Which of the following statements are incorrect? Identify and correct them by substituting, adding and rearranging only one word or pharse.
a. FPTP system is followed for all the elections in India.
b. Election Commission does not supervise Panchayat and Muncipal Elections.
c. President of India cannot remove an election commission.
d. Appointment of more than one Election Commissioners in the Election Commission is mandatory.
Following two questions are incorrect
(a) FPTP system is followed for all the elections in India Correct version is that FPTP is not followed for all the elections in India. For the election of President, Vice President and members of Rajya Sabha, Proportional Representation method of election is used.
(c) President of India cannot remove an Election Commissioner The correct position is that President of India can remove Election Commissioner if charges of corruption are proved against him.
Question 7.
Indian electrol system aims at ensuring representation of socially disadvantaged sections. However we are yet to have even 10 percent women members in our legislatures. What measures you would suggest to improve the situation?
Answer:
Constitution has ensured adequate representation of various weaker social groups like Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes by way of reservation but it is a fact that even 10 percent woman do not find representation in Parliament and State Assemblies because of socio-economic reasons.
No reservation has been made for them in the seats in Parliament and State Assemblies. However by 73rd and 74th Constitutional amendments, one third of the total seats are reserved for women in membership and presidents of the local rural and urban bodies ‘respectively.
Socio, economic improvement of women can be one method of women participation in the democratic institutions like Parliament and State Assemblies. Reservation of seats is another method for which various Constitutional amdendment bill have been brought but could not become Act because of political reasons. There is urgent need of political concensus in the mode of giving reservation to women so that woman also could get adequate representation in democratic institutions.
Question 8.
Here are some wishes expressed in a conference to discuss a Constitution for a new country. Write against each of these whether FPTP or Proptional Representation system is more suited to meet each of there wishes.
a. People should clearly know who is their representative so that they can hold or her personalty accountable.
b. We have small linguistic minorities who are spread all over the country, we should ensure fair representation to them.
c. There should not be discrepancy between votes and seats for the different parties.
d. People should be able to elect a good candidate even if they do not like his or her political party.
Answer:
a. As per the wishes of the people given in a part the FPTP method of election will suit them because in fair system people have right to choose their representative of their choice who will be responsible and accountable to them and who can be removed in the next election.
b. To give fair representation to the people of several linguistic groups, method of propotional representation will be most suitable which ensures the representation of every such minority groups in proportion to their population strength.
c. To satisfy the wishes of the people of ‘c’ section. List system of proportional method of representation can be used which ensures the rational relationship between the votes and seats for the political parties.
d. People of the wishes of sec’d1 need FPTP system in which they-can vote to candidate even if they do not like his or her political party.
Question 9.
A former chief election commissioner joined a political party and contested the elections. There are various views on this issue. One view is that a former Election Commissioner is an independent citizen and has a fight to join any political party and to contest election. According fo other view, leaving this possibilty open, can affect the impartiality of the Election Commissions. So former Election Commssioners must not be allowed to contest any* election. Which position do you agree with and why?
Answer:
It is a fact that one Chief Election Commissioner joined a political party and contested the election also. It is also true that Election Commissioner is also a citizen of India and therefore has right to vote and join any political party and so can think of contesting the election but since he has been on the top position of the body which conducts and controls the election, the propriety demands that they should not contest the election otherwise the charge of influcing the process will not be ruled out.
As we expect that there should ban on the practicing of Judges of the courts after retirement, similarly we can say that Election Commissioner should be a political man after retirement.
Question 10.
“Indian democracy is ready to shift from a trade First Part the Post System to a system of Proportional Representation.” Do you agree with this statement? Give your reasons for or against this statement
Answer:
There is serious discussion about Election reforms in India. One of the area of reform is method of representation. We have adopted for FPTP system or method of representation in which every person is given right to vote a candidate of his choice and, after elections are over the counting of votes takes place.
A person who gets the majority of the total polled votes, is declared alected. However, in some elections like that of President and Vice President and Rajya Sabha elections are conducted on the basis of Proportional Method of Representation is which voters can express their preference for the contesting candidates.
The need to change FPTP system is being felt because of some negative impacts of the present system. The first method is that in this system minority rules over majority. Second negative imfact is that through this method of election, the minority social groups do not find adequate representation.
In this situation the ultimate revolt is of political unhability. There are several arguments against the PR system are given, one argument against is that PRsystem is very complex system, hence it is not suitable for a country like India who has no adequatic literacy percentage. The ultimate solution lies in the continuation of the present system with care and improvement.