NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste

Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 Questions and Answers Provided helps you to answer complex Questions too easily. You can use them while preparing for board exams and all of them are given by subject experts. Reading NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste familiarizes you with the kind of questions appearing in the board exams. Students are advised to read these solutions on a regular basis to score well.

Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 Questions and Answers Civics Chapter 4

Make your learning experience enjoyable by preparing from the quick links available on this page. Use the Class 10 SST Civics Chapter 4 NCERT Solutions and get to know different concepts involved. All the Solutions are covered as per the latest syllabus guidelines. Knowing the NCERT Class 10 Civics Chapter 4 Questions and Answers helps students to attempt the exam with confidence.

Gender Religion and Caste NCERT Intext Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Mummy always says to outsiders, “I don’t work. I am a housewife”. But I see her working non-stop all the time. If what she does is not work, what else is work?
Answer:
What she does is also work but it is not considered as work in our male-dominated society because it is not connected with earning of money. Most of the time men work less than women but their work is valued because they work outside and earn money. Since money is not involved in the work of the housewives, it is said that they (housewives) don’t work. This mind-set is very old and needs to be changed. Women’s work should be given as much values as the work done by men.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste

Question 2.
If casteism and communalism are bad, what makes feminism a good thing? Why don’t we oppose all those who divide the society on any lines caste, religion or gender?
Answer:
Feminism does not divide society. It is supposed to be about making sure all women have those rights which men avail, and that all people regardless of gender are treated equally and with respect. Thus, feminism is not just about women. It means the political, social and economic equality of all people.

Question 3.
I am not religious. Why should I bother about communalism and secularism?
Answer:
This is not a right attitude. A responsible citizen of the country cannot think in such a way. Communalism and secularism affect the working of a democracy. Communalism leads to conflicts and violence in the society and thus weakens the foundation of a democratic set up. Secularism, on the other hand, is based on mutual understanding and cooperation and thus, strengthens democracy. We should know about these two aspects because only then we will be able to discourage communialsim and promote secularism.

Question 4.
I don’t care what my caste is. Why are we discussing all this in the textbook? Are we not promoting casteism by talking about caste?
Answer:
Casteism is not good in any way. It has adversely affected our society. Although it is not so prominent today, it has not disappeared completely from contemporary India. By discussing the bad effects of casteism, we can be able to sensitise people in general and find ways to lessen its impact. This is the best way to uproot any age-old evil. If someone thinks that talking about caste is promotion of casteism is not right.

Civics Class 10 Chapter 4 NCERT Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Mention different aspects of life in which women are discriminated or disadvantaged in India.
Answer:
Ours is a patriarchal society in which women face disadvantage, discrimination and oppression in various ways

(i) The literacy rate among women is only 54 per cent compared with 76 per cent among men. Similarly, a smaller proportion of girl students go for higher studies. The reason is that they drop out because parents prefer to spend their resources for their boys’ education rather than spending equally on their sons and daughters.

(ii) The proportion of women among highly paid and valued jobs is still very small. On an average an Indian woman works one hour more than an average man every day. Yet much of her work is not paid and therefore often not valued.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste

(iii) In almost all areas of work, women are paid less than men, even when both do exactly the same work.

(iv) Parents’ preference for sons also undermines girls’ existence. In many parts of India parents do not welcome girl child and find ways to have the girl child aborted before she is born. Such sex- selective abortion has led to a decline in child sex ratio in the country to merely 914.

(v) Women are not safe even within their own home. They are often beaten and harassed by their husbands and thus become prey to domestic violence.

Question 2.
State different forms of communal politics with one example each.
Answer:
Different forms of communal politics are-
(i) The most common expression of communal politics is in everyday beliefs. These involve religious prejudices, stereotypes of religious communities and belief in the superiority of one’s religion over other religions. Example— Militant religious groups.

(ii) A communal mind aspires for political dominance of one’s own religious community. For those belonging to majority community, this takes the form of majoritarian dominance. For those belonging to the minority community, it can take the form of a desire to form a separate political unit. Example— Separatist leaders in Jammu and Kashmir desire to form a separate state.

(iii) Political mobilisation on religious lines is also a form of communal politics. This involves the use of religious symbols and leaders, emotional appeal and fear in order to bring the followers of one religion together in the political domain. Example— Many of our politicians apply this technique to influence voters from major religious communities.

(iv) Communal politics sometimes takes the form of communal violence, riots and massacre.
Example- The riots in India at the time of the partition in 1947, the riots of Gujarat in 2002, in Muzaffarnagar in 2013, etc.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste

Question 3.
State how caste inequalities are still continuing in India.
Answer:
Caste inequalities have not completely disappeared from contemporary India. Some of the older aspects of caste still continue in the country-

  • Even now most people marry within their own caste or tribe. The weekly matrimonial column in various national newspapers shows how people still stick to their caste and community.
  • Untouchability has not ended completely, despite constitutional prohibition.
  • The caste groups that did not have access to education or were prohibited from acquiring it are still lagging behind.
  • Caste continues to be closely linked to economic status. The average economic status of caste groups still follows the old hierarchy.

The upper castes are best off, the Dalits and Adivasis are worst off, and the backward classes are in between. The above facts show that caste inequalities are still continuing in India.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste

Question 4.
State two reasons to say that caste alone cannot determine election results in India.
Answer:
If we think that caste alone determines election results in India, it is far from true. Following reasons can be given in favour of this-
(i) No parliamentary constituency in the country has a clear majority of one single caste. So, every candidate and party needs to win the confidence of more than one caste and community to win elections.

(ii) No party wins the votes of all the voters of a caste or community. When people say that a caste is a ‘votebank’ of one party, it usually means that a large proportion of the voters from that caste vote for that party.

(iii) Sometimes many political parties put up candidates from the same caste. Some voters have more than one candidate from their caste while many voters have no candidate from their caste.

(iv) The ruling party and the sitting MPs or MLAs frequently lose elections in our country. That could not have happened if all castes and communities were frozen in their political preferences.

We can conclude that while caste matters in electoral politics, so do many other factors. The voters have strong attachment to political parties which is often stronger than their attachment to their caste or community.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste

Question 5.
What is the status of women’s representation in India’s legislative bodies?
Answer:
In India, the women’s representation in the political field is very low. Their representation in the Lok Sabha is not even 10%. Their share in State Assemblies is less than 5%. It is unfortunate that our country is behind several developing countries of Africa and Latin America. But at the same time it is fortunate that women have one-third seats reserved in the local government bodies. This means that their representation and voice in our democracy have increased.

In the panchayats and municipalities, it is legally binding to fill one-third of the seats by women candidates. As a result of this, we have 10 lakh elected women representatives in the rural and urban local government bodies. Women’s organisations and activists have been demanding a similar reservation at least one-third of seats in the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies for women. Let’s see when their demands are fulfilled.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste

Question 6.
Mention any two constitutional provisions that make India a secular state.
Answer:
The constitutional provisions that make India a secular state are given below-

  • There is no official religion for the Indian state. Our Constitution does not give a special status to any religion.
  • The Constitution provides to all individuals and communities freedom to profess, practise and propagate any religion, or not to follow any.
  • The Constitution prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion.
  • At the same time, the Constitution allows the state to intervene in the matters of religion in order to ensure equality within religious communities. For instance, it bans untouchability.

Question 7.
When we speak of gender divisions, we usually refer to:
(a) Biological difference between men and women
(b) Unequal roles assigned by the society to men and women
(c) Unequal child sex ratio
(d) Absence of voting rights for women in democracies
Answer:
(b) Unequal roles assigned by the society to men and women.

Question 8.
In India seats are reserved for women in
(a) Lok Sabha
(b) State legislative assemblies
(c) Cabinets
(d) Panchayati Raj bodies
Answer:
(d) Panchayati Raj bodies

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste

Question 9.
Consider the following statements on the meaning of communal politics. Communal politics is based on the belief that:
(a) One religion is superior to that of others.
(b) People belonging to different religions can live together happily as equal citizens.
(c) Followers of a particular religion constitute one community.
(d) State power cannot be used to establish the domination of one religious group over others.
Which of the statements is/are correct?
Answer:
(c) A and C

Question 10.
Which among the following statements about India’s Constitution is wrong? It
(a) prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion.
(b) gives official status to one religion.
(c) provides to all individuals freedom to profess any religion.
(d) ensures equality of citizens within religious communities.
Answer:
(b) gives official status to one religion.

Question 11.
Social divisions based on are peculiar to India.
Answer:
Caste

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste

Question 12.
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the Lists:

List I List II
1. A person who believes in equal rights and opportunities for women and men A. Communalist
2. A person who says that religion is the principal basis of community B. Feminist
3. A person who thinks that caste is the principal basis of community C. Secularist
4. A person who does not discriminate others on the basis of religious beliefs D. Casteist

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste
Answer:
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste 1

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